Vision Conditions

Vision therapy is a personalized treatment program designed to improve how the eyes work together, how the eyes move and focus, and how the brain processes visual information. 

Some children and adults experience visual skill deficits that can interfere with reading, learning, sports, or everyday activities. A comprehensive evaluation can help determine whether difficulties involving visual processing, eye movements, focusing, or binocular vision may be contributing. Depending on the individual evaluation, vision therapy may be helpful for patients experiencing:

• Convergence insufficiency — difficulty bringing the eyes together for near tasks; often associated with reading discomfort or double vision.

• Convergence excess — eyes tend to turn inward too much during near work.

• Divergence insufficiency/excess — difficulty coordinating the eyes when looking at distance or maintaining proper alignment.

• Accommodative insufficiency — difficulty focusing clearly at near.

• Accommodative excess/spasm — focusing system overworks or has difficulty relaxing.

• Accommodative infacility — difficulty changing focus quickly between distances.

• Oculomotor dysfunction — problems with eye movements such as tracking and shifting gaze.

• Strabismus (certain types) — eye misalignment; therapy may be appropriate in selected cases, sometimes alongside surgery or other treatment.

• Amblyopia ("lazy eye") — particularly in children, although treatment depends on the cause and age.

• Fixation problems — difficulty maintaining accurate visual fixation.

• Saccadic dysfunction — difficulty making accurate, efficient eye movements when reading or scanning.

• Visual-motion sensitivity — difficulty processing visual motion or maintaining visual comfort in visually busy environments.

• Certain visual-processing difficulties — difficulties interpreting or organizing visual information, particularly when associated with an underlying binocular/oculomotor problem.

• Post-concussion/acquired brain injury visual dysfunction — some people develop problems with convergence, accommodation, eye movements, or visual motion after concussion or brain injury, and targeted vision rehabilitation may help.

Not every condition or patient will benefit from vision therapy. A comprehensive vision evaluation is necessary to determine whether vision therapy is appropriate and to identify any conditions that may require treatment by an ophthalmologist, optometrist, neurologist, or other healthcare professional.